Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo—a sensation of spinning or dizziness triggered by certain head positions.

Fortunately, physiotherapy offers effective treatments that can help restore balance and relieve symptoms.

What Is BPPV?

BPPV occurs when small calcium carbonate crystals (otoconia) in the inner ear become dislodged and move into one of the ear’s semicircular canals, where they don’t belong. This disrupts the normal flow of fluid in the ear, causing abnormal signals to be sent to the brain, which interprets these signals as movement even when you’re still. This disconnect results in the feeling of vertigo when you change your head’s position.

How Do We Diagnose BPPV?

Physiotherapists use specific maneuvers to diagnose BPPV, with the most common test being the Dix-Hallpike Maneuver. Here’s a brief outline of what this entails:

1. You’ll be seated on an examination table, and your head will be turned to one side.
2. We’ll help you lie back quickly with your head hanging slightly off the table, positioning it at a specific angle.
3. If BPPV is present, this movement typically triggers vertigo and involuntary eye movements (nystagmus), which we observe to confirm the diagnosis.

The Dix-Hallpike Maneuver allows us to identify the affected ear and which semicircular canal is involved.

How Do We Treat BPPV?

Treatment for BPPV is relatively straightforward and often yields quick results. Physiotherapists typically use Canalith Repositioning Maneuvers to guide the dislodged crystals back into their correct position. One of the most effective techniques is the Epley Maneuver. Here’s how it works:

1. Your head and body are moved through a sequence of positions, each held for about 30 seconds.
2. These positions are designed to use gravity to shift the crystals back into an area where they no longer cause symptoms.
3. The process may need to be repeated several times or over multiple sessions, but many people find significant relief after one or two treatments.

Home Exercises for BPPV

If symptoms persist or if you’re unable to attend regular appointments, there are at-home exercises that can help:

• Brandt-Daroff Exercises: These involve moving from a seated to a lying position with your head turned to one side, holding this position until dizziness subsides. This exercise can help reposition the crystals over time.
• Self Epley Maneuver: With guidance from your physiotherapist, you may be able to perform a modified version of the Epley Maneuver at home.

It’s essential to consult your physiotherapist before trying these exercises, as improper technique may worsen symptoms.

Lifestyle Modifications for Managing BPPV

While exercises and maneuvers are often effective, certain lifestyle changes can also help reduce episodes of BPPV:

• Sleep with an Elevated Head: Sleeping with extra pillows or on an incline can prevent crystals from migrating overnight.
• Avoid Triggers: Quick head movements or bending over may exacerbate BPPV, so try to move slowly when changing positions.
• Stay Hydrated and Avoid Alcohol: Both dehydration and alcohol can affect inner ear function and may increase vertigo symptoms.

When to Seek Help

While BPPV is generally manageable, severe or persistent symptoms should be addressed with a healthcare professional. Our team is here to provide support, guidance, and effective treatment options.

At our clinics, we specialize in diagnosing and managing BPPV with compassionate, expert care. 

If you’re experiencing symptoms of BPPV, contact us to schedule a consultation and find relief today.